POSTMODERNiST ORTAMDA SANATÇI VE SANAT URETiMLERINlN DEGiŞlM VE DONUŞUMU UZERINDEKI SOSYO-KULTUREL ETKENLER
Author :
Abstract
Sosyo kültürel ortamda onemli degişime yol agan Postmodern
politikanın onemli etki alanlarindan biri de, sanatci ve onun ortaya koydugu
ürünlerdir. Bu çalışmada, Postmodern politikamn en onemli araglarmdan biri
olan, kapitalist ekonomi politikasi ve kitle ileti§im araglari ile sanatin
metalaşmaya uygun bir etkinlige donuşüp dönusmedigi ve sanatcinin
uruniinii ortaya koyarken, hareket alanına etki eden sebepler, ortaya çikan
ürunum kime/kimlere ya da neye hizmet ettigi konularmm agilimlari,
eleştirel bir yalda^imla degerlendirilmiştir. Ayrica Postomodemist ortama
zemin hazirlayan terminolojik geli§kiler analiz edilerek, duşuk sanat
ortamma yaptigi etkilerin onemle Iizerinde durulmuş, kultur, sanat ve siyasi
ortamda “manipiilatif etkilere yol agan” postmodemizmin temel dinamolarmi
olusturan terim ve kavramlarm agilimlari yapilarak bu terim ve kavramlarm
terminolojik algi yanilsamalarma dikkatler odaklanmak istenmi§tir. Kultur
endustrisi ureticileri tarafmdan, “iletişim”, “popiiler kultur”, “kitle külturü”
,“yaşam stili” ve “tüketim” kavramlan bilinçli bir şekilde gerçek anlamlari
dişına taşinlarak, topluma lanse edilmiş, bu sayede tiiketim gilgim bir
toplum olu^turulurken, estetik deger olgutleri zayiflamiş ve bunun sonucunda
yoz bir kultiire zemin hazirlamiştir. Nitekim, bu çalişmanm alanma
yapacagim umulan katki; kultur,sanat ve politik ortamda farkinda olmadan
hazirla§mi§ yada hazirla§tmlmi§ kaliplar halinde sunulan ve toplum
tarafmdan irdelemeden kabul goren bu kavramlarm, yamltmaci algilarina,
eleştirel gozle yakla?mak ve ilgili kavramlarm manipiilatif etkilerini ortaya
9ikarmaktir. £iinkii ilgili terim ve kavramlar, profesyonel “kultur endustrisi
tasarimcilan” tarafmdan kullamlan oldukga etkin ve giiglii silahlar olup,
gergek anlam ve ifadelerinden uzaklaştirilarak topluma, amaglanan kitle
kulturunü enjekte etmek igin, birer arag olarak kullamlmaktadir. Boylece toplumun sosyo-kütürel, politik ve estetik yapisina bazen dolayli bazen ise
dolaysiz yonden negatif etki ederek, milli kultiir, sanat ve ideolojik
dokusunda tahribatlara yol agmaktadir. Modernist donemin baskin ideolojik
kutuplan, kapitalist ve sosyalist du§unceler arasinda var olan kuramsal bir
mticadeleyi de beraberinde getirmi§ken post modernist periyotta bu tiir
du^tmce kutuplari etrafinda §ekillenmi§ olan ideolojiler anlamlarim yitirmi§
olmasina ragmen kapitalist ideoloji goriinurden uzakla§arak goriinmez etkin
bir formata burunmuştur. Bu baglamda bu çalişmanm ana vurgularindan
biri si, postmodemizm, bilinen ve kabul edilen düşuncenin aksine,
kapitalizmin ideolojisinden arınmış, salt iktisadi bir kapitalizm oldugudur.
Bahsi geçen iktisadi kapitalist yaklaşimlarin kavramsal araçlarına algi ve
dikkatlerin yogunlaştinldigi bu çalişmada kitle bilinci güçlendirilmeye
çalişarak uzun vadeli goziimler arama yoluna gidilmiştir
Keywords
Abstract
The postmodernist politics caused important changes in sociocultural and political milieu has another area of influence which is artists and
their works. In this work, it has been tried to analyse whether the art has been
commodized through mass media and other means of capitalistic economic
system and expansions of the reasons of artistic productions and who has
been targeted to serve and the main factors which have inspired the artist to
perform that particular way have been illustrated with a critical approach. In
addition to this, the terminological contradictions which paved the way for
postmodernism has been analysed and their effects over the low art has been
emphasized, and attentions have been tried to focus on the terminological
illusions by expanding on the meanings of these terms and concepts used
which wielded manipulative influences over the political atmosphere by
forming main dynamics of postmodernist approach. Meanings of the terms
and concepts: “communication”, “popular culture”, “mass culture”, “life
style” and “consumption” have purposefully been twisted and presented to
people and through this vehicle, whilst consumption crazy societies being
built, on the other hand aesthetic value judgements were weakened which in
turn paved the way for a degenerate culture. In the end, the expected
contribution of this work is; to unearth the manipulative effects of the
concepts which have been presented to people in templates that have been
accepted without consciousness. Because, the related terms and concepts are
effective tools used by professional industrial culture designers in order to
inject “the mass culture” by deviating them away from their actual meanings.
Thus, this situation causes its damage, directly or indirectly by negatively
influencing the socio-cultural, political and aesthetic texture of societies. There existed a theoretical struggle between two dominant ideological poles
of socialist and capitalistic thoughts in modem epoch, in postmodern period,
ideological dimension has lost its meaning. In this juncture, the thesis of this
work is; postmodernism is a form of capitalism which has been purified from
its ideological elements. Through this work, by focusing attentions and
perceptions to the actual and intended meanings of these terms and concepts,
it has been aimed to contribute the reinforcement of mass consciousness of
people for the long run.
